r/IndiaInvestments
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  • Introduction
  • Disclaimers and Disclosures
  • FAQs
    • FAQs
    • Mutual Funds and ETFs
      • What is the best mutual fund app for investments?
      • Why should I invest in Direct Plans instead of Regular Plans?
      • What’s the best mutual fund I can invest in?
      • Which date(s) is/are best for SIP in a month?
      • I’ve to invest in ELSS for 80C tax saving. Which fund(s) should I pick?
      • Should I get a Demat Account to buy units in Mutual Funds?
      • Lumpsum investment vs SIP/DCA
      • Why are Index Funds in India not as cheap as Vanguard's Index Funds and ETFs?
    • Insurance
      • Should I invest in this LIC policy?
      • Opinions on investing in smart wealth plan by bank?
      • Up to what age should I take term cover?
      • Do I need my own health insurance? Employer already has group policy
      • Should I take top-up policy or super top-up?
      • Is it worth paying extra premium for term insurance?
    • Stocks
      • Should I invest in smallcase?
      • What is the best app for buying or trading stocks?
      • Which screener(s) should I use?
      • The Stock Market Has Crashed. Which Stocks Should I Buy?
    • Foreign Investing
      • Why should I invest in the US markets?
      • How should I invest in US equity?
    • Tax
      • I don't have any tax to pay. Do I still have to file ITR?
    • Miscellaneous
      • Where can I park money for a few days, a few months, or a few years?
      • What are chit funds? Should I invest?
      • Is Gold a good investment now? It has gone up ~50% this year
  • How To
    • How To
    • How to transfer shares from one demat account to another
    • How to move from one mutual fund platform to another
    • How to switch a Mutual Fund from Regular to Direct Plan
    • How to file SEBI SCORES complaint?
    • How to Update Nominee Details?
    • How to rematerialize mutual fund from demat form
    • How to Pay Advance Tax
  • STOCKS
    • Introduction to the Stocks Series
    • Can You Beat the Market?
    • Reading an Annual Report
    • Researching a Sector
    • Financial Metrics and Ratios
      • Profitability
    • Using Screeners
    • Due-Diligence Checklist
    • Work in Progress
      • Diving Deeper into Businesses
      • Efficiency
      • Liquidity and Solvency
  • EXCEL
    • Excel for Fun and Profit
    • Reactive UI & Updates
    • Using External Data : Google Finance
    • Using External Data : Working with CSV Format
      • CSV Format
      • Computing LTCG Eligible Equity Units
      • Process for Estimating Tax
    • Quantifying Returns: CAGR and XIRR
      • CAGR: Point-to-Point Annualized Returns
      • A Gentle Introduction to XIRR
      • A Rigorous Introduction to XIRR
  • BONDS
    • Bond Basics
    • Government Securities
    • Corporate Bonds
  • MISCELLANEOUS
    • Miscellaneous
    • US Investing
    • Recommended Reading
  • New to Investing
    • Zero to Investing
      • Getting Started
      • Part Two - Defensive Setup
      • Part Three - Spending Pattern
      • Part Four - How to Invest
    • Investment Philosophy and Strategy
      • Basics of Investment Strategy Plan
      • A simple Financial Planning Roadmap
      • Various types of Risks in Investments
      • Are you a Stock or Bond?
      • Assets and Asset Allocation
      • Critical Mass
      • Asset Rebalancing
      • Lumpsum or SIP/STP
    • Insurance
      • Life
        • Life Insurance: What it is exactly?
        • How to Evaluate Life Insurance Needs
        • ULIP - Unit Linked Insurance Plan
        • Some FAQs on Life Insurance
        • Links to Answers related to Life Insurance
      • Health
      • Others: Disability / Home
      • Child Plan
    • All About Mutual Funds
      • What is a Mutual Fund?
      • Types of Mutual Funds
      • What and Why of Mutual Fund Ratings
      • How to Select a Mutual Fund
      • FAQs for Mutual Funds
      • SIP and Mandates
      • How to Become Crorepati using Mutual Funds
      • Analysis using long term equity and debt funds in India
    • Retirement
      • Primer on Retirement Planning
      • Why You should not Opt for a Readymade Pension Plan
      • Studies of Long Term Portfolios and Retirement Withdrawal Rate Suggestions
      • Do-It-Yourself Retirement Plan
    • Personal Finance
    • Behavioral Biases
    • ELI5 Series
      • Time Value of Money
      • Inflation
      • Life Insurance
      • ELI5 guide to Selecting an Equity Mutual Fund
      • How do I start investing in mutual funds [ELI5 series]
      • Mis-selling of Insurance Products
  • BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO INVESTING
    • Zero To Investing
      • The First Step - Emergency Fund
      • The Final Step - Mutual Funds
  • Contributors Section
    • How Can I Start Contributing?
    • What is a Contributor License Agreement and why are we using it?
      • Contributor License Agreement
    • How to link FAQ via bot in Discord
    • Style Guides
      • General Style Guide
      • FAQ Style Guide
      • How To Style Guide
      • Excel Series Style Guide
      • Stocks Style Guide
  • Discord and Reddit
    • How to Search the Wiki From Discord
    • I'm unable to send messages to stocks-fundamentals channel on Discord. Why?
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  1. STOCKS

Financial Metrics and Ratios

Financial metrics and ratios are numbers which can help investors interpret the financial performance, health, and efficiency of a company.

PreviousResearching a SectorNextProfitability

Last updated 3 years ago

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Financial ratios are numbers which can help investors interpret the financial performance, health, and efficiency of a company.

Although financial ratios can seem like an attractive tool to make quick judgments about a company, in isolation, a financial ratio conveys little information and, in some cases, can even be misleading.

One of the most popular financial ratios, the price to earnings (PE) ratio, is used by a lot of investors to somehow judge the "value" of a company which may or may not always make sense. Avenue Supermarts, a chain of supermarkets across India, operating under the brand name DMart, made its debut on the NSE on 21st March 2017 at a PE ratio of approximately 105 and since then it has rarely exhibited a PE ratio of less than 90.

Of course, this doesn't mean that PE ratio isn't useful, but one should know how and, more importantly, when to use it. That goes for all financial ratios we're going to talk about.

All that being said, financial ratios can become a powerful tool in an investor's repertoire if

  • the method of calculation of the ratio in question is accurate

  • the ratio in question is calculated for a period of time (we suggest looking at, at least, the past 5 years of financial statements) to create a trend of how the company has performed

  • the ratio in question for a company is compared against its peers and an industry wide analysis is performed

When we say trend, think of Google Trends. Plotting financial ratio data points on a graph over a period of time would tell us a lot about how a company is evolving. Similarly, comparing these trends in financial ratios data against industry peers helps us gauge whether the evolution of the company is satisfactory and competitive.

In the following sections, we'll take a look at various financial ratios, their implications, and their relevance across different sectors.

Profitability